Knowledge Themes
First Judges Case (S.P. Gupta v. Union of India)
Second Judges Case
Third Judges Case
Fourth Judges Case (NJAC Case)
Article 124
Article 217
99th Constitutional Amendment Act
National Judicial Appointments Commission Act 2014
Independence of Judiciary
Basic Structure Doctrine
Memorandum of Procedure (MoP)
Judicial Primacy
Consultation vs Concurrence
Justice M.N. Venkatachaliah Commission
Transparency and Accountability in Judiciary
Structural Subtopics
- Evolution of the Collegium system through the Three Judges Cases
- Constitutional provisions under Article 124 and Article 217
- Composition and functioning of the Supreme Court and High Court Collegiums
- Role of the Executive and the Memorandum of Procedure (MoP)
- Impact of the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act and the NJAC Act 2014
- Grounds for striking down NJAC in the Fourth Judges Case (2015)
- Relationship between judicial independence and the Basic Structure doctrine
- Criticisms regarding lack of transparency and accountability in appointments
- Issue of judicial primacy vs. executive concurrence
- Challenges of nepotism and lack of social diversity in the higher judiciary
- Proposals for a Permanent Judicial Appointments Commission
- Process of reiteration of names by the Collegium and government objections
- Comparison of judicial appointment processes in other democratic countries
- Impact of judicial vacancies on pendency of cases and the rule of law
Study Material
Full AI-synthesized study material for Collegium System & Judicial Appointments (NJAC Controversy) is being calibrated.
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